Rap and Balladry free essay sample

A comparison between the musical expressions of Rap and Balladry. The paper compares these two genres using the works The Message by Grandmaster Flash and a childs ballad entitled The Trooper and the Maid by Ron Clarke, in an attempt to propose the idea that rap songs are an extension and adaptation of ballads. It begins by defining the two genres and discussing their origins. It then explores the structure and the melodies associated with these art forms in relation to the aforementioned works. The focus then shifts to the purpose of the musical forms and the ways in which these musical traditions are handed down from generation to generation. Over the past twenty years rap music and hip-hop culture have become a way of life. The music has become an art form that is often criticized for raunchy violent lyrics and described as garbage by many, but it has stood the test of time and crossed all racial and ethnic barriers. We will write a custom essay sample on Rap and Balladry or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page According to an article written by Curtis Blow, a forefather of the rap and the hip- hop movement, rap is conversing in rhyme to the rhythm of a beat. (Blow). Encarta explains further that rap is a genre of rhythm-and-blues music that consists of rhythmic vocals declaimed over musical accompaniment. (Rap) In a rap song the musical accompaniment is characterized by electronic drumbeats, which are used in combination with samples taken from previous musical recordings.

Our Energy Supply essays

Our Energy Supply essays Have you ever thought about how we get the energy to run the things we take for granite every single day? There are many sources of energy that are used for transportation, heat, light, and the manufacturing of goods of all kinds. The development of science and civilization is closely linked to the availability of energy in useful forms. The seven main energy sources are fossil fuels, hydroelectric, solar power, win power, geothermal, nuclear power, and biomass energy. By harnessing the sun, wind, falling water, plant matter, and heat from the earth, energy planners expect to decrease the environmental impact on energy use. Most of the nonhydro renewable power comes through some form of combustion, such as the burning of biomass, landfill gas, or municipal solid waste. Little electricity comes from solar, wind, and geothermal sources. Factors that are increasing interest in renewable energy include cost advantages in niche markets, regulatory pressures, customer service requirements, fuel flexibility, and security. One of the biggest sources of energy is fossil fuel. Fossil fuels have served as a reliable source of heat for cooking and warmth since the beginning of history. The common fossil fuels are coal, peat, lignite, petroleum, and natural gas. Using coal as the principal ingredient can make coal gas, coke, water gas, and producer gas. Such artificial gases can be used for fuel, illuminant, and a source material for the manufacturing of synthetic ammonia. Gasoline, kerosene, and fuel oil are made from petroleum. They are mainly used for transportation if the fuel is used in a liquid form. Natural gas is a natural mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons found from the ground or obtained from specially driven wells. The composition of natural gas varies in different localities. It is used extensively as an illuminant and a fuel. Some geologists theorize that natural gas is a by-product of decaying vegetable matter in ...

Gun Control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Gun Control - Essay Example â€Å"In 2005, 11,346 persons were killed by firearm violence and 477,040 persons were victims of a crime committed with a firearm. Most murders in the United States are committed with firearms, especially handguns.† (Gun Violence) These statistics are very alarming and it is more of a national issue, the recent statistics are even worse. It is really easy to get weapons and especially guns. It is very important to bring about a change and it should be done soon. It is important to ensure that people do not get their hands on these guns easily, it is sure to bring down the crime rate and especially gun violence. There must be stricter laws in place to ensure that people do not get easy access to arms, this is a certain way of bringing down gun violence. Gun control has always been a very debatable and a complex topic, law-abiding citizens are expected to follow the law but these days law has become a donkey on which the rich people ride. In several Asian countries people get away with gun crimes because of their influence and authority, there have been several cases in the US also wherein the guilty have gotten away with heinous crimes. It is also a fact that firearms can be used for protection and guns can be useful provided they are in the hands of right individuals but it is very difficult to determine who is right and who is not became many a time the so called right people end up doing wrong things. This is exactly why this topic is very debatable and complex. Mental illness is also a very big factor when it comes to gun control, mentally ill people can easily go and purchase guns and run riot in the street, the very same happened in Norway a few months ago, a mentally ill person had easy access to firearms and the same resulted in a massacre. It is extremely important to place restrictions but this is something which is implausible, there are hardly any laws when it comes to purchasing a firearm, yes, one needs a

Leadership Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Leadership Theory - Essay Example As Blanchard describes, situational leadership is not something that is done to people, but it is something done with people (p.60). Literature on Biblical context of leadership provides various views on leadership; it also recognizes that no specific leadership trait or style can be termed as best and should vary with the situation and according to the followers. This is explained through various laws of leadership in the Bible and with references to distinct spiritual personalities in Christianity. Upon extensive exploration of biblical context of leadership and after studying different leadership models and theories, it was found that situational leadership is most congruent with biblical context of leadership. The aspect of biblical leadership concept considered in the present discussion includes spiritual gifts possessed by leaders, as outlined by Borek, Lovett & Towns (p.174). This discussion evaluates how leaders tend to use or apply spiritual gifts in various situations. Further, effect of situational leadership has been illustrated through examples explained on the basis of impact of following situationa l leadership and the possible effects of not following this leadership. Contingency approach to leadership provides the best picture of leadership concept and is also the best way marker to anyone entering the leadership role. Immense debate on leadership traits and behaviors can be, to a large extent, answered by the contingency approaches modeled by various theorists. Daft (p.64) underpins the significance of contingency models by stating, ‘the effectiveness of leader behavior is contingent upon organizational situations.’ These approaches provide different methods of dealing with different situations. They incorporate different leadership styles in different situations. Daft explains,

Questionnair on customer satisfaction of bank Essay Example for Free

Questionnair on customer satisfaction of bank Essay To make a questionnaire first of all we need to understand management problem of SBI Bank. For that we need to know Why Customers are dissatisfied? Research Question: Now we need to understand where the problem is. Is it that Service Provided by SBI bank is not up to the mark or Staff member are not efficient and effective in their work or communication and after care services are not efficient or product offer by bank is not up to the mark. These are four areas in which management problem needs to be identiefied.This is known as Research Question. Investigative Question : Now we have identified problem area so now we need to examine different aspects of particular problem area its is known as investigative question. Eg. Service Provided by SBI is helpful? Service is being provided timely? In Second area of Problem of staff member, we need to Examine that information provided by staff member is easy to understand Staff member are Help full In third problem area of after care service, we need to examine whether account is Keep up to date or not? Queries are attended promptly Measurement Question: Now we need to convert investigative question in to normal layman language so that person can Understand and can answer properly. Myself Khushbu Desai. I am T.Y.B.B.A Finance student. I am doing study in B.R.C.M College of Business Administration. I have prepared a Questionnaire for Business Research Project Against Study of Customer Satisfaction for Customers of State Bank of India (SBI), Parle Point Branch. Please help me to do survey by rating the service that you currently receive from SBI Bank 5 = Excellent 4 = Good 3 = Average 2 = Poor 1 = Very Poor (Tick the boxes where appropriate)

Ethical Challenges in Consent to Research Participation

Ethical Challenges in Consent to Research Participation Belmont Report (basic principles underlying the ethical challenges): Autonomy respect for persons beneficence justice [AS1]What should participants understand to understand they are participants in research? (Wendler et al. 2008). In order for a participant to give valid consent, the PIL at minimum should include 20 elements as detailed out in section 4.8.10 of ICH GCP guidelines so that comprehensive information is provided to them. The CIOMS guideline lists 26 essential elements to informed consent. Hence, this question encompasses one of the major ethical challenges faced during the consenting process. According to participants perspective, is all the information included in the PIL relevant to their decision-making? It is often noticed in practice that participants feel overwhelmed by the information provided to them, and as a consequence they skim over information which they feel is not applicable or relevant to them. But then the next question arises, what about the elements that are considered non-relevant by the patient? Does it contain important information which the patients would otherwise be missing out on? As result it is unclear as to what should be the adequate content of the PILs to satisfy the needs of the patient and delivering the minimum sufficient (encompassing all perspectives) information at the same time. Failure to find a balance in this respect might undermine the validity of potential participants consent is it as informed consent or not? Fortun et al. 2008 noted that participant recall and understanding of clinical trial information was poor despite a comprehensive 13 page PIL. A systematic review also highlighted that providing patients with more information results in lower participation rates (Edwards et al. 1998) To determine what information potential participants need to understand in order to give valid informed consent, it is useful to identify the purpose or justification for requiring consent in the first place. Once we answer this question, we can then determine what information individuals need to realize this purpose or goal (Wendler et al. 2008). Informed consent serves at least two purposes. First, the requirement for informed consent allows competent individuals to understand whether participation in research is consistent with their interests. Second, informed consent allows individuals to decide for themselves whether they will enrol in the study in question. For this purpose, potential participants should be provided with the information they want to decide whether to enrol in the study, which goes back to our earlier challenge of the content of consent. Not[AS2] just the content of PIL, but the quality of its content should also come under ethical scrutiny. Both the content and its quality together will help the patient to make a reasoned choice. In order to truly understand something, one must exercise two capacities (which together constitute the meaning of decisional capacity in healthcare) the capacity to understand the meaning of the information provided, and the capacity to appreciate the relevance of this information to ones own situation and come to a decision [Iltis, 2006, 181]. In terms of the actual words used in PIL, the complexity of the technical language in which consent forms are written remains a problem, though this can easily be remedied. (Macklin). But its not just that. Its even the simple terms like describing research using other terms, for example, explaining that the project involves a study or a clinical trial, seems unlikely to help those who do not already understand research. For example, a potential participant understands the studys risks, potential benefits, procedures, and alternatives. What else should the patient understand to understand that the project in which they are being invited to participate involves research? And what additional information should investigators disclose to help them understand this fact? Another facet to this linguistic challenge is when considering translation to local (or regional language). For example, some languages do not include a word for research. Does it follow, as some commentators speculate, that these individuals cannot understand that a study involves research, hence, may not be able to provide valid informed consent? At the other extreme, explaining every aspect of clinical research seems impractical, if not impossible. Understanding the history of clinical research and its abuses alone might require a lifetime of study. Between the insufficiently minimalist and impossibly maximalist extremes lie many questions, and the need for guidance. Must investigators disclose and must potential participants understand the scientific design of the study? Do they need to understand that the study is phase I, and how that differs from phase II and phase III studies? Too much information can be as bad as too little; both tend to interfere with the ability of research participants to grasp what is relevant Macklin et al. After the information has been provided, the next question is, has the information been received? As Nijhawan et al. states, it is very difficult to evaluate a participants viewpoint about trial since there is no established method to measure the level of understanding that a participant has about the information given. There are various factors involved in this. A participants level of understanding would be affected by a degree of misunderstanding that can occur because of incorrect or inadequate language translations as well as their level of education. (Ferguson, 2002) The national and international guidelines state that the comprehension of PIL should be accessible to a 12 year old. However, only 50% of patients feel that the provided information is clear and concise, with many patients having to read the document numerous times to gain a grasp of the medical terms contained within the PIL. There is also considerable debate about patients perception of the goal of research, which is termed as Therapeutic Misconception in an article by Appelbaum et al. It states that a further difficulty arises from the failure to distinguish between experimental research and therapeutic medicine in the context of clinical research. Surveys have shown that many patients who are enrolled as subjects develop the misconception that the goal of the research is a therapeutic one, and they agree to be enrolled in the often unrealistic hope that they will benefit directly from participation in the study which yet again undermines the validity of informed consent. Another [AS3]related difficulty involves the widespread variation in subjects comprehension and appreciation of the nature of risk. The Belmont Report reminds investigators that they have responsibility for ensuring that the subject has comprehended the information provided to them, and that the obligation to ascertain that the subject has adequately understood the nature of the risk entailed by the research increases in proportion to the seriousness of the risk (Section C). Studies have shown that most adults have a limited ability to think in terms of probabilities and to appreciate risk, even when steps are taken to enhance their understanding [Iltis, 2006, 181, 185]. It is generally agreed that the amount of information provided should be based on the typical reasonable adults understanding of risk, although there is much disagreement about how to define this, given that interpretations of both linguistic and numerical ways of expressing the possibility of risk vary considerably, as does the amount of risk different people are willing to assume. Moreover, what might be risky for one person, it necessarily wont be the same for another. While the investigator can provide the prospective participant with scientific data relating to types and probability of risk in order to assist her in making a decision, it is the value they attach to risk which will ultimately determine whether or not they chooses to participate. Thus great care has to be taken to ens ure that research risks and potential adverse events are presented to prospective participants as unambiguously as possible. Then [AS4]again there are problems relating to research involving vulnerable populations, some of whom may have diminished or impaired mental capacity and may not be capable of providing consent at all. (Macklin) A balance needs to be established between the obligation to protect more vulnerable or less autonomous research participants, on one hand, and, on the other, the need to conduct research involving minors and persons with reduced mental capacity in order to provide these populations with access to results or interventions which may benefit them clinically. Persons with diminished mental capacity and children who have not yet reached decisional maturity should not be automatically denied the benefits of medical research, but neither should they be excluded without justification from decisions made about whether or not they become involved in research. What is crucial is that additional safeguards be put in place to ensure that these groups are protected from exploitation, in particular while explaining the nature of the research when obtaining their consent. Where this is not possible, and it is felt that the research has sufficient clinical value to proceed, stringent requirements f or obtaining proxy or surrogate consent should be put in place. Consent forms should reflect this need for additional protection. [task article] Given the current socio-legal research environment, it is difficult to know whether, in practice, researchers and research review bodies err in overestimating or underestimating the decisional capacities of persons with mental illness. Either type of systematic error can be costly. Allowing persons with mental illness to participate on the basis of defective consent would violate the most basic ethical tenets governing human research and can amount to exploitation. Yet, by erring too much in the other direction-that is, by overemphasizing the vulnerabilities of persons with mental illness-researchers and review bodies could unfairly exclude competent individuals with mental illness from opportunities to participate in research. The ethical costs of excluding willing individuals with mental illness from participating in research are not sufficiently emphasized. Unjustified exclusion from research, however well intended, is a form of discrimination. Moreover, in the abse nce of adequate research on the most severe forms of mental illness, individuals with these illnesses are relegated to receiving treatments for which there is only inferential evidence of efficacy. For these reasons, a major ethical challenge for psychiatrists and other professionals engaged in mental illness research is to develop ethical principles and practices for selecting research participants that ensure proper respect and protection without reinforcing incorrect assumptions about individuals with mental disorders. Another major ethical challenge faced during obtaining consent is assessing the patients voluntariness. Macklin et al. paper questions, can the complete voluntariness of patients decisions to participate in research always be guaranteed, especially when the person conducting the research is the patients own physician? Objective of a researcher is to perform systematic investigations involving human beings to develop generalizable knowledge whereas as a practitioner their focus is on diagnosing and treating the illness in individual or group to meet their health needs. So an interesting, albeit ethical, dilemma arises. Should the physician fulfil their sole obligation of focusing on the well-being of the patient, yet in the context of trial conduct, the physician (now an investigator) has competing obligation to generate high quality data. The trial distracts from good personal care. Declaration of Helsinki 2000 Article 28 says: The physician may combine medical research with medical care, only to the extent that the research is justified by its potential prophylactic, diagnostic or therapeutic value. When medical research is combined with medical care, additional standards apply to protect the patients who are research subjects. [macklin] There are problems concerning the way research is presented to patients who are potential subjects when the investigator is faced with such a dual role. When researchers are also clinicians caring for their patients, they face a conflict of interest that is non-financial. The need to accrue a sufficient number of patients in a study could affect the way a researcher conducts the informed consent process. Patients tend to trust their doctors, even when the intervention is research rather than a treatment proven to be effective. Practically in such a situation, patients often rely on the responsible doctor for decisions about whether to take part in a research study, the treatment available and its associated risks, despite the information available in the PIL [Bjorn et. Al, 1999] Hence, a sense of patience and training as a researcher is required from the investigators end. Investigators should receive education in research ethics that addresses rules and norms governing research; sensitivity to ethical implications of decisions and actions; and skills in ethical problem solving, including ascertainment and disclosure of conflicts of interest. [task article] Conclusion: Informed Consent is not enough. There are multi-factorial challenges to this single concept. With subject populations that are mostly medically naive and for whom the whole concept of clinical research and the umpteen terms and concepts associated with it are alien; the true essence of an informed and autonomous decision is fundamentally lost. The consent process thus gets reduced to mainly a narration-followed-by-signature process. Over the last few years, this gap in principles and practices of ethics and consent has been acknowledged and innovative concepts and attempts are being fostered, to make the informed consent process more ethical. Pranati et al. [AS1]Information Overload [AS2]Language Barrier [AS3]Comprehension and perception [AS4]Vulnerable patients

Naukri.Com Essay

COM Industry- eBusiness is the integration of a company’s business including products, procedures, and services over the Internet. [pic] †¢ You turn your company from a business into an eBusiness when you integrate your sales, marketing, accounting, manufacturing, and operations with your web site activities. †¢ An eBusiness uses the Internet as a center for all business activities. †¢ eCommerce is the online component of an eBusiness. †¢ E-business may be defined as the conduct of industry,trade,and commerce using the computer networks. †¢ Naukri. om is an Indian job search engine operating in India founded by Sanjeev Bikhchandani in March1997. †¢ This employment site allows businesses to place job announcements and look through resumes. People looking for employement can post their resumes, ad links to their home page and browse the ads and look at potential employer’s home pages as well. †¢ The site was established in 1997 by Info E dge (India) Ltd. Info Edge is a listed company on the Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange. It went public in November 2006. As of March 31, 2011 Naukri. om had a database of about 25 million registered job seekers and over 80,000 live job listings from Corporate Customers. During the Fiscal year 2010-11 Naukri. com serviced approximately 42,000 Corporate Customers, an average of about 12,000 resumes were added while about 72,000 were modified daily in the Naukri. com database in Fiscal year 2010-11. Overview †¢ In India Naukri. com has been ranked at 22nd spot as per Alexa traffic rankings. It has a global ranking of 452. 2,480 sites share their links in the job portal. Usually almost 9 minutes is spent by each viewer in the site nd every page is viewed almost 42 second approximately. Naukri is the leading job site in India and is the premier brand of Info Edge. It has single-handedly given a new dimension to the concept of employment in the country. †¢ After it was found the company has left behind every competitor. Naukri. com as a recruitment agency offers employment related services to both regular job seekers and leading placement agencies and recruiters and corporate houses. Its services are available in both India as well as outside the country. The jobsite offers a wide range of services such as Response Management Tools and Resume Database Access. Among its major services is recruiter branding solutions, Naukri PayCheck, Naukri. com Magazine, Resdex, Naukri on Mobile and Chat and job postings. The site has, at any time, 200,000 jobs and serves almost 35,500 corporate houses. It also publishes a useful report named Naukri JobSpeak, which is brought out on a monthly basis. Corporate strategy Vision †¢ Vision is to create a platform where, in 20 years time, every Indian who is looking for a job can find one. Mission †¢ Every person looking for a Job should get one. Initial Strategy (1997-2000) †¢ The initial marketing strategy was geared towards fulfilling two objectives. The first objective was to get the companies and placement consultants to list their jobs on the web site and the second one was to get job seekers to visit the site. Towards achieving the first objective, an intensive search exercise was carried out. The team went through the previous issues of several newspapers and magazines, went to libraries, scanned Yellow Pages and built a mailing list that contained names and addresses of approximately twenty four thousand companies and placement consultants who had placed an advertisement for jobs in the last five years. Letters were mailed out to them with information about the service. At the same time, another list of newspapers and magazines was compiled. Letters were also sent to these newspapers and magazines informing them of the introduction of this unique service. Advertising was also done but on a very small scale. It was restricted to small-classified displays in newspapers. In effect, initially, the marketing strategy of Naukri. com was based on direct mailing and it was actually a very low cost one. Current Strategy (2001-2004) †¢ The marketing strategy currently being followed by Naukri. om is â€Å"two pronged† one, in the words of their marketing manager Ayesha Kapur. Naukri. com reaches out to two segments primarily – the job seekers and the employers. To reach out to recruiters, Naukri. com has a 130-140 strong sales force across the country that go around and meet the clients face to face, introduce them to the products and explain them. The mechanism adopted to reach out to the other segment, that is, the job seekers, is aggressive advertising. The aggressive advertising has kept momentum only during the last year (2003-2004). Naukri. om has been advertising on television and the print media and is now exploring radio as a medium for advertising its services and products. Advertisement on television has included promotion during the India–Australia cricket game series telecast on the national T. V. network, Doordarshan, in the year 2001. Environmental factors †¢ The major external forces are: †¢ SUPPLY AND DEMAND †¢ If the company has a demand for more professionals and there is limited supply in the market for the professionals demanded by the company, then the company will have to depend upon internal sources by providing them special training and development programs. Attributes and Characteristics †¢ Faster search †¢ Secured access †¢ Personalized data †¢ Customization of data †¢ Privacy protocol †¢ Huge records for recruiter and applicant to search from †¢ Cost effective †¢ Global reach †¢ Reduction in recruitment time by 60% Usability from stakeholder points of view For job hunters †¢ Ease of access to millions of jobs. †¢ Personalized format †¢ Secure login †¢ Global reach †¢ Application time is reduced †¢ Resume developments For employers †¢ Connectivity to millions of job hunters †¢ Real time information updates †¢ Relevant search †¢ E apps to manage resonses †¢ Ease in passing information For government †¢ Increase in GDP †¢ Increase in tax revenues Low unemployable rate IT Infrastructure requirement [pic] 5 layer model of naukri. com infrastructure [pic] Firewall It is a software application mounted on a server at the point where a company is connected to the internet. Its purpose is to prevent unauthorized access into the company from outsiders Demiliterized zone In a DMZ configuration, most computers on the LAN run behind a firewall connected to a public network like the internet. One or more computers also run outside the firewall in the DMZ. Cost benefit analysis They made the market more efficient by reducing ‘search cost’ and ‘transaction cost’ thus making it attractive to get into this market. It is important to understand the reasons for naukri. com and other similar websites registering excellent growth. The job market existed before but naukri. com and other similar websites took initiatives to facilitate certain activities performed in this market. They made the market more efficient by reducing ‘search cost’ and ‘transaction cost’ thus making it attractive to get into this market. In this case, the efficiency in the market also brings in effectiveness as the cycle time to close the transaction becomes short leading to increased satisfaction. That is, when market becomes more efficient, ‘trapped value’ is released which means a new revenue stream for the business organization. Trapped value is also released when a ‘new value system’ gets created, for example, the value of a new found ‘community’ of recruiters and job seekers—they existed earlier but as standalone entities. This leads to savings in cost to search the talent. For recruiters the cost advantage comes from reducing the cost of print ads and other traditional methods. Also they get the great talent quickly so that they can hire the person for the position and continue their operations. For job hunters it saves their cost of running around for hunting down the required jobs. Challenges in Naukri. com business [pic] People- Convenience and connectivity ensures people are just click away to get the right kind of job. The ease of accessing the database for application for the jobs has made it easier for people to search the jobs which suit them. However with increasing number of applicants the increasing database makes it difficult to manage the large pool of offers. Moreover some co-success factors support both efficiency and effectiveness: communities as parts of e-customer relationship management programs improve customer retention , thus avoiding high costs of acquiring new customers. Implementation It’s easy to describe e-commerce and the benefits resulting from its implementation. It’s not so easy to develop and deploy e-commerce systems. Companies have faced significant hurdles in these efforts: Cost. E-commerce requires sophisticated, distributed systems based on new technologies that can touch many of a company’s core business processes. As with all major business systems, e-commerce systems require significant investments in hardware, software, staffing, and training. Businesses need comprehensive solutions that are easy to use and thus help enable cost-effective deployment. Value. Businesses want to know that their investments in e-commerce systems will produce a return. They deploy e-commerce systems to achieve business objectives such as lead generation, business process automation, and cost reduction. They want to ensure that these objectives are met. Businesses also need flexible solutions so that they can easily adapt a system to meet changing business conditions. Security. Because the Internet provides almost universal access, a company’s assets must be protected against misuse, whether accidental or malicious. At the same time, that protection should not compromise a site’s usability or performance nor make its development too complex. There is an additional security issue: Because e-commerce systems enable the collection and usage of sensitive information about individual customers, companies also need to protect the privacy of their customers. Existing Systems. Companies need to be able to harness the functionality of existing applications into e-commerce systems. Most companies new to e-commerce already use information technology to conduct business in non-Internet environments— in existing marketing, order management, billing, inventory, distribution, and customer service systems. The Internet represents an alternative and complementary way to do business. It’s imperative that Internet e-commerce systems integrate existing systems in a manner that avoids duplicate function and maintains usability, performance, and reliability. Interoperability. Interoperability here means the linking of trading partners’ applications in order to exchange business documents. These systems must work together well in order to achieve business objectives. For example, the order-management application of a business partner must interoperate with the inventory applications of its suppliers. Interoperation between businesses reduces costs and improves performance. It enables the implementation of more dynamic value chains. Business partners Brijj- professional networking Merination- study material Jeevansaathi- Indian matrimonial site Allcheck deals- real estate in india Zomato- food guide 99 acres- real estate in india Shiksha- education and career Mydala. com- deal offering site PEST Analysis POLITICAL: 1. Government support for increasing Internet penetration in India. 2. Tax benefits to corporate. 3. Government policy to increase jobs 4. Pumping money in the infrastructure ECONOMICAL 1. Booming Indian economy. 2. Increase in Indian GDP 3. Increase in ratio of Employed to unemployed people 4. Base of internet users multiplied by 10 to 11 times in last 6 years. SOCIAL 1. People spend more time on internet 2. Rise of social networking site 3. High priority on time and convenience. 4. Improving usage of Broadband and high computer literacy. TECHNOLOGICAL 1. increase in broadband services 2. Increasing penetration rate of broadband and wireless internet. 3. Better managed E business site for ease, privacy and advancements in net banking. SWOT Analysis †¢ naukri. com has the first mover advantage. It is still paying off till date with naukri having the best brand recall in terms of job portals. The site design has received great acceptance among Indians. (better than monster and timesjobs) †¢ It has the experience of being in the market for almost a decade. †¢ It has a large market share while monsterindia and Timesjobs are far behind. †¢ It ranked as India’s number one job site on all parameters — page view, reach, and traffic. †¢ It has the advantage of a clear revenue model since its inception. While it has a few services that are free to both job seekers and job providers, the majority of their services are paid for by the recruiters. †¢ It has a very committed team. This is clear from the visits made by them to establish contact. It is known to have one of the best work atmospheres. Weaknesses †¢ It has a large number of employees and hence the company incurs a high cost for managing salesforce. †¢ There is a high level of attrition. †¢ Employer Branding on Naukri. com is hardly visible which is a major product flaw on the portal Opportunities †¢ Internet users are increasing day by day. Approximately, 7. 5 million urban Indians are using the net. †¢ Further, with broadband infrastructure being rolled out, there are more opportunities on the net. †¢ The scope of online recruitment is, therefore, increasing. Like any other o nline recruitment company, it has the advantage of being a low cost medium of recruitment.

Safe as houses?

Hey kids, I'm Gavin and I want to talk to you today about safety around the house. How many of you here have younger brothers or sisters? [Response] Over half of you, that's quite a lot. I'll bet they get quite annoying sometimes, don't they? I wouldn't know because I am the younger brother. Even though they do get quite annoying sometimes, I'm sure that deep down inside, you really do love your younger brothers and sisters, and that you would never want anything bad happening to them. This is why it is important to keep them save and out of trouble. How many of you here don't have a helper? [Response] Well, that's a large number of you. I bet every time your parents are out, you have to look after your baby brother or sister right? It's pretty hard sometimes isn't it? Well here are a few suggestions which might make it easier for you. Firstly, never let your brother or sister near the kitchen on their own. Stay away from the kitchen unless you are getting snacks to eat and drinks. The kitchen is a dangerous, unsafe and bad place to play. Your brother or sister could easily burn, scald or hurt themselves with hot or boiling water, clothes irons or hot oven doors. There are some yucky chemicals kept in the kitchen which aren't very healthy for you if you drink or inhale it. Don't forget there's also a chance your baby sibling could slip and fall over. The kitchen is out of bounds. If your younger sibling needs to go to the toilet or take a bath, make sure that you go and help them. It is very important, and it will make you look more grown-up too, doing important things around the house. When they are taking a bath, make sure the water is not too hot or they could get hurt ands scalded. Also, be sure to hold them up because it is very easy for them to drown, so don't play around during bath-time. Finally, never ever let your baby brother or sister go peeking down the toilet incase they fall in. It would be unsafe, unhygienic and very yucky. Moving away from the toilet issues, the next thing you have to be careful of are the doors. Slamming doors in your brother or sister's face is a big no-no. Their fingers could get caught and it would be extremely painful. If any of you have a staircase in the house, you will probably know how dangerous they are, especially for kids under two. The best thing to avoid accidents to keep them away from the stairs and remove any toys or objects blocking the stairs. If not, you or your little brother or sister could turn into Humpty Dumpty and break into many pieces Talking about taking big falls, it is also a good idea to close any low windows your sibling could climb out of, or remove anything they could climb on to in order to get to the opening. Did you know that the biggest cause of accidents in homes are from playing with matches? If you have ever tried it and thought it cool, take some advice from the big kids, it's not cool. You could easily kill yourself and your little baby brother or sister, so remember, keep tem away from those matches and remember the words of Smokey Bear; â€Å"Only YOU can stop [house hold] fires!† Don't forget to keep them away from the medicine cabinet, and remind them often that it ISN'T candy. Finally, if you are playing outside the house, keep those little kids away from the garage or tool shed, which have a lot of dangerous tools and chemicals. (P.T.O.) Now you can go and tell your friends how cool you are and your parents how grown up you are because you know how to look after your baby brother or sister, and yourself.

Saint Teresa Vision essays

Saint Teresa Vision essays Saint Teresa Vision brings the reader to a new world of beliefs. It is amazing how well she describes her visions. Teresa claims she had many other visions of angels but never paid to much attention to them. Saint Teresa felt she would see an angel perfectly showing her a sign of God. One day, she saw an angel describing, him being short, beautiful and his face so aflame that appear to be all afire. He also had a long golden spear that would stab her chest later on. Teresa never knew the name of the angels that appeared to her, but she could tell angels never had a similarity between each other. Saint Teresa also claims angel had a spear with a fire on the tip. The tip of the spear went through her innards. When the spear drawed out, she thought her innards would come out but instead she was left with the love of God. The pain was not so painful it just made her groan several times. Teresa didnt mind the paid at all; she was grateful of the experience she received from God. Saint Teresa Vision reflects the time in which it was produced since it was time of learning from painting and religion. At that time Catholicism was strong, and Saint Teresa Vision made an impact to citizens. I feel the paint belongs at time that it was done. Saint Teresa Paint is done with details like the angel with spear, his face looking straight down to Teresa. Teresa facial expression is showing pain when spear went through her innards. Saint Teresas Vision probably changed many persons perspectives towards miracles. Many people did not believe in angels or in miracles of God but probably her experience might have change people point of view. Teresa proved that miracles of God do existed, if you are a true believer. Saint Teresas vision does compare with our modern world today. Many people around world has experience other type of miracles, for example, having the image of Virgin Mary in a Window or wat ...

De Algemene wet bestuursrecht Essay Example

De Algemene wet bestuursrecht Essay Example De Algemene wet bestuursrecht Essay De Algemene wet bestuursrecht Essay De Algemene moisture bestuursrecht, de sanctiemogelijkheden Gemeenten kunnen handhavend optreden tegen ongewenst gedrag of strafbare gedragingen. De Algemene wet bestuursrecht ( Awb ) geeft de gemeenten een uitgebreid instrumentarium in handen om handhavend en sanctionerend op Te treden. In de Algemene wet bestuursrecht staan sancties, t.w. Bestuursdwang Last onder dwangsom Bestuurlijke boete Gedeeltelijk of geheel intrekken new wave een vergunning ( begunstigende beschikking ) Vanaf 2010 is heated voor gemeenten mogelijk de bestuurlijke strafbeschikking toe Te passen. Bij algemene maatregel new wave bestuur kan de gemeente ( het bestuursorgaan ) de bevoegdheid worden verleend een strafbeschikking uit Te vaardigen. Verschillende wetten regelen de strafbaarheid van bepaalde gedragingen, vitamin D bestuurlijke strafbeschikking kan door de gemeente worden toegepast om middels sanctie ( boete, dwangsom ) de wet- nut regelgeving te handhaven. Bestuursdwang Artikel 5:21 Awb Begrip last onder bestuursdwang Onder last onder bestuursdwang wordt verstaan: de herstelsanctie. Een herstelactie houdt in ; een last tot geheel of gedeeltelijk herstel new wave de overtreding ; en de bevoegdheid van de gemeente ( bestuursorgaan ) om de last door feitelijk handelen 10 uitvoer Te leggen indien de last niet of niet tijdig wordt uitgevoerd. Dat betekent: ALSs die last niet of niet tijdig wordt uitgevoerd, dan kan de burgemeester de last door feitelijk handelen zelf 10 uitvoer leggen Het door of namens de gemeente ( bestuursorgaan ) optreden tegen hetgeen in strijd met, bij of krachtens enig wettelijk voorschrift gestelde verplichtingen is of wordt gedaan, gehouden of nagelaten Dat betekent digital audiotape het bestuursorgaan opdracht ka geven aan derden om feitelijk op Te treden tegen bijvoorbeeld een bouwwerk ( schuur, car port etc. ) digital audiotape in strijd is gebouwd met de wet- en regelgeving. Kortom ; Het bestuursorgaan ( de gemeente ) gebruikt de bestuursdwang om de overtreder van wet- en regelgeving te bewegen de overtreding, de ongewenste situatie ongedaan Te maken. Dat gebeurt met dwang, nl. de dreiging digital audiotape de overheid digital audiotape anders zelf doet of laat doen op kosten van de overtreder. Eigenlijk waarschuwt het bestuursorgaan de overtreder: zorg digital audiotape de zaak weer ongedaan gemaakt wordt, anders doen wij het op jou kosten De last onder bestuursdwang is eigenlijk een aankondiging digital audiotape de gemeente last heeft new wave een illegale situatie en de overtreder daarop aanspreekt en hem ook direct verteld wat Er gaat gebeuren ALSs de overtreder niet doet wat het bestuursorgaan hem zegt. Een duidelijke nut relatief eenvoudige manier new wave bestuursrechtelijke handhaven. Wie zijn bevoegd tot het aankondigen new wave de dwangsom? Artikel 125 Gemeentewet Het gemeentebestuur is bevoegd tot toepassing new wave bestuursdwang. De bevoegdheid tot toepassing new wave bestuursdwang wordt uitgeoefend door het college, indien de toepassing new wave bestuursdwang dient tot handhaving new wave regels welke heated gemeentebestuur uitvoert. Artikel 122 Provinciewet Het provinciebestuur is bevoegd tot oplegging new wave een last onder bestuursdwang. De bevoegdheid tot oplegging new wave een last onder bestuursdwang wordt uitgeoefend door gedeputeerde staten, indien de last dient tot handhaving new wave regels welke heated provinciebestuur uitvoert. Het toepassen new wave bestuursdwang is een duidelijk handhavinginstrument. Gemeenten, maar ook provincies ( bestuursorganen ) kunnen bestuursdwang gebruiken tegen ongewenste/illegale situaties en/of overtredingen new wave wetten en verordeningen. Voorbeeld: Iemand heeft zonder toestemming en/of vergunning een car port gebouwd. Door het toepassen new wave bestuursdwang kan dit illegale bouwwerk worden be amp ; euml ; indigd. En moet de overtreder de situatie herstellen en terugkeren in de oude situatie. Er new wave uitgaande digital audiotape de oude situatie overeenstemt met wet- en regelgeving. Dus het afbreken new wave de illegaal gebouwde car port. Voorwaarden bestuursdwang: Het bestuursorgaan is wel verplicht om de overtreder schriftelijk in kennis Te stellen van zijn/haar overtreding. Zon brief aan de overtreder noemen we een aanschrijving. Die aanschrijving kan ook omschreven worden ALSs ; ambtshalve toezenden new wave een mededeling of een schriftelijk cant . Daarin moet de gemeente of provincie ( bestuursorgaan ) aangeven dat binnen een bepaalde termijn, waar binnen de overtreder de illegale situatie zelf kan opheffen, niet zal overgaan tot actie. Is die vermelde termijn verstreken dan zal het bestuursorgaan overgegaan tot het treffen new wave maatregelen om de illegale situatie op Te heffen. De schriftelijke beslissing ( aanschrijving ) is een beschikking in de zin van de Algemene moisture bestuursrecht, waartegen de overtreder bezwaar kan aantekenen en beroep kan instellen. Last onder dwangsom Een last onder dwangsom is een handhavingmiddel digital audiotape bijvoorbeeld gemeenten kunnen gebruiken om Er voor Te zorgen dat wet- en regelgeving worden nageleefd. Het is zwaarder dan een waarschuwing, maar het gaat ( nog ) niet zover ALSs het intrekken new wave een vergunning of geven new waves een boete of. Gemeenten kunnen bijvoorbeeld een last onder dwangsom opleggen om een illegale situatie Te be amp ; euml ; native. Bijvoorbeeld te veel geluidsoverlast veroorzaken door discotheken. De last onder dwangsom is dan ook eigenlijk bedoeld om de toezichthouder de mogelijkheid te geven aan de overtreder een verplichting op Te leggen. Die verplichting ( delast ) draagt er toe bij digital audiotape de overtreding ongedaan gemaakt wordt of be amp ; euml ; indigd wordt. De last kan inhouden digital audiotape de overtreding ongedaan wordt gemaakt ( heated herstellen naar de rechtmatige situatie ) , het be amp ; euml ; native new wave een overtreding, of heated voorkomen dat het vaker gebeurt. Als de overtreder daar niet aan de last voldoet, moet hij/zij of de rechtspersoon een bepaald bedrag betalen. Dat Te betalen badrag noemen we een dwangsom. Artikel 5:24. Awb Vereisten last onder bestuursdwang De last onder bestuursdwang omschrijft de te nemen herstelmaatregelen. De last onder bestuursdwang vermeldt de termijn waarbinnen zij moet worden uitgevoerd. De last onder bestuursdwang wordt bekendgemaakt aan de overtreder, aan de rechthebbenden op het gebruik van de zaak waarop de last betrekking heeft en aan de aanvrager. De schriftelijke beslissing ( aanschrijving ) de beschikking moet wel duidelijk vermelden welk wettelijk voorschrift wordt overtreden De kosten die heated bestuursorgaan maakt of nog moet maken voor het uitvoeren new wave de sanctie worden op de overtreder verhaald. Het bestuursorgaan ( gemeente of provincie ) kan zelfs uit preventieve overwegingen over tot bestuursdwang. Dus voordat de overtreder de wet- en regelgeving overtreed kan het bestuursorgaan ( gemeenten, provincie ) al optreden en de toekomstige overtreder aanschrijven. Artikel. 5:32a. Awb Vereisten last onder dwangsom De last onder dwangsom moet de te nemen herstelmaatregelen duidelijk omschrijven. Bij een last onder dwangsom dice strekt tot het ongedaan maken new wave een overtreding of heated voorkomen van verdere overtreding, wordt een termijn gesteld gedurende welke de overtreder de last kan uitvoeren zonder digital audiotape een dwangsom wordt verbeurd. Artikel 5:32b Awb Vaststelling dwangsom Het bestuursorgaan stelt de dwangsom huge hetzij op een bedrag ineens, hetzij op een bedrag per tijdseenheid waarin de last niet is uitgevoerd, dan wel per overtreding new wave de last. Het bestuursorgaan stelt tevens een bedrag huge waarboven geen dwangsom meer wordt verbeurd. De bedragen staan in redelijke verhouding tot de zwaarte van het geschonden belang en tot de beoogde werking new wave de dwangsom. Artikel 5:33. Betalingstermijn verbeurde dwangsom Een verbeurde dwangsom wordt betaald binnen zes weken nadat zij new wave rechtswege is verbeurd. Artikel 5:34 Awb Opheffing, opschorting of vermindering dwangsom Het bestuursorgaan digital audiotape een last onder dwangsom heeft opgelegd, kan op verzoek new wave de overtreder de last opheffen, de looptijd ervan opschorten voor een bepaalde termijn of de dwangsom verminderen in geval new wave blijvende of tijdelijke gehele of gedeeltelijk onmogelijkheid voor de overtreder om aan zijn verplichtingen Te voldoen. Het bestuursorgaan digital audiotape een last onder dwangsom heeft opgelegd, kan op verzoek new wave de overtreder de last opheffen indien de beschikking A ; eacute ; A ; eacute ; n jaar new wave kracht is geweest zonder digital audiotape de dwangsom is verbeurd. Een last onder dwangsom is geen sanctie of maatregel zoals wij dice in heated Wetboek new wave Strafrecht kennen. Het heeft ook niet het karakter new wave wraak of vergelding. Een last onder dwangsom is ook niet op de persoon gericht, maar op de overtreding zelf. Er is dus ook geen verdachte, zoals wij dat uit het Wetboek new wave Strafvordering kennen. Aan de overtreder wordt door het bestuursorgaan de verplichting opgelegd om een geldsom Te betalen, tenzij binnen de gestelde termijn wordt voldaan aan de in de beschikking opgenomen last ( artikel 5:32 Awb ) . Deze verplichting houdt in digital audiotape de overtreder de illegale situatie in overeenstemming met de wet dient Te brengen of een overtreding achterwege dient Te laten. Voor de dwangsom geldt een maximal bedrag waarboven geen dwangsom meer wordt verbeurd. Er bestaan drie mogelijkheden voor de op te leggen dwangsom. De overtreder moet: per dekagram of hebdomad bijvoorbeeld digital audiotape hij de overtreding begaat/in base laat/herhaalt, een bepaald bedrag betalen een bedrag ineens betalen voor een handeling die niet voor een bepaalde data point verricht is per overtreding betalen Voorbeeld: De illegale schuur dient binnen twee weken Te zijn afgebroken en de situatie van voor de bouwwerkzaamheden dient Te zijn hersteld. Geeft de overtreder hier geen gehoor aan, dan dient de overtreder per dekagram sodium dice twee weken ALSs de schuur er nog staat een bedrag Te betalen van bijvoorbeeld ˆ 100 ( met een maximal new wave in totaal ˆ2000 ) . Preventieve dwangsom Gemeenten kunnen er ook voor kiezen Tes werken met een preventieve dwangsom. Dat is dus een dwangsom om iets te voorkomen. Als steeds dezelfde overtreder lak heeft aan wet- en regelgeving of voorschriften kan de gemeente een preventieve dwangsom opleggen ( artikel 5:32 lid 2 Awb ) . Deze preventieve dwangsom wordt alleen maar gebruikt bij recidivisten. Een repeater is iemand dice na een eerdere bestraffing weer in hetzelfde gedrag, overtreding vervalt. Bij zulke recidivisten wordt het bedrag new wave de ( preventieve ) dwangsom hoog en steeds hoger. Bij het opleggen new wave een preventieve dwangsom moet Er wel sprake zijn new wave Er aannemelijk gemaakt kan worden digital audiotape Er een gevaar bestaat digital audiotape de overtreding ( en ) zal worden begaan. Aanleiding om dat Te veronderstellen, kunnen zijn gelegen in uitlatingen dice een ( toekomstig ) overtreder doet, heated eerder vertoonde naleefgedrag new wave de overtreder, het bij herhaling voorkomen van overtredingen en meer algemeen het zich voordoen new wave uitzonderlijke omstandigheden welke het begaan new wave overtredingen waarschijnlijk maken. Wanneer bestuursdwang en wanneer last onder dwangsom? Kan niet zomaar kiezen tussen heated opleggen new wave een dwangsom en het aanzeggen new wave bestuursdwang. Voor het opleggen new wave een dwangsom zal niet gekozen worden ALSs het belang digital audiotape het betrokken voorschrift Te beschermt dient Te worden. Een dwangsom is bijvoorbeeld niet mogelijk indien Er een acute situatie zich voordoet. Als er door een petrochemische industrie giftige stoffen illegaal worden geloosd bijvoorbeeld. Dat is erg lucratief omdat legale verwerking new wave giftige stoffen heel veel geld kost. Dan loopt het bestuursorgaan het risico digital audiotape de overtreding, ondanks de dwangsom, gewoon wordt voortgezet, omdat het, ondanks de dwangsom, veel geld oplevert. In zon geval moet Er bestuursdwang worden toegepast. Maar ook in situaties waarin een overtreding new wave vergunningvoorschriften wordt gepleegd, bijvoorbeeld geluidsvoorschriften voor een evenement zullen dice overtredingen alleen ongedaan gemaakt worden door het evenement Te sluiten, of de apparatuur Te verzegelen. Ook dan is een dwangsom niet het Ge A ; euml ; igende middel is. Bestuursdwang is dan een veel effectiever handhavinginstrument. Intrekken begunstigende beschikking Een beschikking wat is dat? De beschikking komt o.a. voor in de Algemene moisture bestuursrecht ( Awb ) Onder beschikking wordt in de Awb verstaan een besluit digital audiotape niet new wave algemene strekking is, met inbegrip new wave het afwijzen new wave een aanvraag daarvan ( artikel 1:3 lid 2, Awb ) Een beschikking is dus een beslissing new wave een bestuursorgaan ( overheid ) in een specifieke situatie. Voorbeeld ; een beslissing ( of besluit ) naar aanleiding new wave de aanvraag voor een vergunning. Een beschikking is dus eigenlijk een besluit. En een besluit conform de Awb is ; een schriftelijke beslissing new wave een bestuursorgaan, inhoudende een publiekrechtelijke rechtshandeling. Onder de term besluit vallen beschikkingen en besluiten van algemene strekking. Een besluit new wave algemene strekking is dus geen beslissing m.b.t. de aanvraag van A ; eacute ; A ; eacute ; n individuele Burger of een bedrijf, maar een beslissing die gevolgen heeft voor een grotere aantal situaties. Voorbeeld ; Besluit van algemene strekking een bestemmingsplan. Begunstigende en belastende beschikkingen Er bestaan 3 soorten beschikkingen: Een begunstigende beschikking- doet een recht ontstaan ( een vergunning of subsidie verlenen ) Een belastende beschikking legt plichten op ( belastingaanslag ) Een begunstigende nut belastende beschikking. ( doet een recht ontstaan, maar legt ook plichten op ter verkrijging new wave de rechten ) Bijvoorbeeld een subsidie of vergunning onder voorwaarden. Overtreedt de houder van zon begunstigende beschikking ( subsidie, vergunning ) de regels, dan zal de sanctie vaak bestaan uit gehele of gedeeltelijke intrekking new wave de beschikking. De regels op grond waarvan de subsidie of vergunning is verstrekt, bevat onderdelen dice beschrijven wanneer de subsidie of vergunning wordt ingetrokken. Het besluit daartoe is een beschikking die moet voldoen aan de eisen m.b.t. het geschreven en ongeschreven recht: Zorgvuldigheidsbeginsel zorgzaamheid m.b.t.. gerechtvaardigde belangen Evenredigheidsbeginsel het beginsel digital audiotape uitgaat new wave het Principe dat zaken met elkaar moeten overeenstemmen wordt groter ALSs iets anders groter wordt en kleiner ALSs iets anders kleiner wordt Bestuursorganen ( gemeente of provincie ) kunnen een beschikking geheel of gedeeltelijk intrekken, bij: Onrechtmatige of onregelmatige totstandkoming new wave een beschikking ; omstandigheden na het verlenen new wave de vergunning ( bijvoorbeeld misbruiken of gedurende een bepaalde periode geen gebruik maken new wave een vergunning ) ; Bij verandering new wave feitelijke omstandigheden of verandering in het beleid ( bijvoorbeeld in een bestemmingsplan ) . Naast deze mogelijkheden om een beschikking in Te trekken, kennen we sinds enige jaren de Wet Bevordering Integriteit Beoordelingen, kort weg Wet Bibob genoemd. De Wet Bibob is bitty een excess instrument voor het bestuursorgaan. Bijvoorbeeld: De gemeente Amsterdam heeft de Wet Bibob gebruikt om allerlei ondernemers in het wallengebiedte screenen, voordat de vergunning tot exploitatie new wave een prostitutiebedrijf ( peeskamertjes ) werd verleend of verlengd. De sanctie new wave intrekking new wave de begunstigende vergunning is zowel preventief ALSs een reparatiemiddel, dus een herstel achteraf. Die ondernemers hadden namelijk Al een vergunning voor heated exploiteren van een prostitutiebedrijf, maar dice vergunning moest worden verlengd. Om een inde Te maken aan de ongewenste, illegale situatie, de ondernemers konden niet aantonen digital audiotape zij Al Hun geld netjes en niet met criminaliteit hadden verdiend, werd de vergunning niet verlengd. Het doel new wave deze reparatie is dan de wettelijke norm herstellen. De intrekking new wave een vergunning hoeft niet het einde Te betekenen voor de ondernemer en hoeft ook niet het door het bestuursorgaan beoogde resultaat op Te leveren. De ondernemer kan altijd zijn activiteiten illegaal voortzetten, ook zonder vergunning. De intrekking new wave de vergunning kan dan gevolgd worden door bestuursdwang of het opleggen new wave een dwangsom. Administratieve of bestuurlijke boete Er zijn een aantal belangrijke verschillen tussen de bestuurlijke boete en bestuurlijke handhavinginstrumenten zoals bestuursdwang en de dwangsom. De bestuurlijke boete is een zogenoemde punitieve sanctie. Dat is een sanctie gericht op het bestraffen new wave de handeling. De bestuursdwang en de dwangsom zijn gericht op om een situatie dice in strijd is met de voorschriften op Te heffen of om herhaling daarvan te voorkomen. De bestuurlijke boete Kent geen waarschuwing naar de overtreder toe, terwijl bij bestuursdwang en de dwangsom wel degelijk sprake is van een waarschuwing. Zogenaamde vooraankondigingen ( artikel 4 lid 8 Awb en artikel 125 Gemeentewet ) en aanschrijvingen ( bijv. de Woningwet ) zijn zulge waarschuwingen. Bij heated constateren van een overtreding kan of wordt direct tot handhaving overgegaan nut gesanctioneerd. De bestuurlijke boete kan worden gebruikt bij de aanpak van overlast in de openbare ruimte. Kijk maar eens naar alle regels die de APV Kent. Daar is handhaven relatief makkelijk, omdat de meeste regels eigenlijk wel duidelijk zijn voor de Burgers. Gemeenten kunnen bij het handhaven new wave de regels uit de APV dus een bestuurlijke boete opleggen voor overtreding new wave de bepalingen van de APV. Dat kan niet voor feiten ( strafbaar gedrag ) dice zijn vastgelegdin een Algemene Maatregel new wave Bestuur ( AMvB ) . Bestuurlijke strafbeschikking De Wet OM- afdoening is in 2006 in werking getreden. Het OM mag met Sinds get down 2008 zaken zelfstandig afdoen zonder digital audiotape Er sprake is van de bemoeienis van een rechter. Het OM mag dus zelf straffen opleggen, zonder rechter. De moisture is vanaf 2010 ook new wave toepassing op gemeenten, provincie en waterschappen. De wet OM-afdoening is van toepassing op delicten waar een maximale gevangenisstraf new wave zes jaar op staat. Het doel new wave deze moisture is om een effici A ; euml ; ntere rechtshandhaving Te krijgen, sneller nut effectiever. Welke straffen vallen hieronder? De officier new wave justitie kan ALSs straf ; een geldboete opleggen een taakstraf opleggen new wave maximaal 180 uur een ontzegging new wave de rijbevoegdheid geven voor ten hoogste zes maanden De strafbeschikking kent naast straffen ook een aantal voorwaarden ; deelname aan een afkickprogramma een contactverbod geven een straatverbod geven Het Openbaar Ministerie mag niet zelfstandig, zonder tussenkomst new wave een rechter, geen vrijheidsbenemende straffen opleggen. Het Openbaar Minsterie hoeft niet langer een verdachte voor de rechter Te laten dagvaarden ALSs deze niet wil betalen of helemaal niet reageert op een transactievoorstel. Dit levert minder druk op de rechtelijke macht ( veel minder zaken ) is eenvoudiger en levert ook het OM een behoorlijke tijdwinst op. Deze Wet OM-afdoening geeft gemeenten excess gereedschap om bij overtredingen new wave de APV een bestuurlijke strafbeschikking op Te leggen. De bestuurlijke strafbeschikking geeft gemeente de mogelijkheid om overlast in de openbare ruimte aan Te pakken. Het betreft eigenlijk de zelfde feiten ( strafbare gedragingen ) dice ook zijn af Te doen met de bestuurlijke boete. Een van de verschillen met de bestuurlijke boete is dat bij de bestuurlijke strafbeschikking een strafbaar feit wordt begaan waartegen de burger verzet mag aantekenen. Dat gebeurt bij het Op enbaar Ministerie Bij bestuurlijke boete is er sprake new wave een bestuursrechtelijke beschikking waartegen de Burger in bezwaar kan of beroep kan aantekenen bij het bestuurorgaan. Intrekking begunstigende beschikking Een andere sanctie kan zijn, digital audiotape het bestuursorgaan een eerder verleende begunstigende beschikking ( vergunning ) intrekt. Deze intrekking kan met terugwerkende kracht ( antique tunc ) plaatsvinden, maar ook vanaf het minute new wave intrekking de geldigheid van de vergunning ontnemen is mogelijk d.m.v. opzegging. Wanneer Er in een wet iets is opgenomen over intrekking van vergunningen, is intrekking slechts mogelijk via dice weg en die gronden. Een voorbeeld is art. 59 Woningwet inzake de intrekking new wave een bouwvergunning. Wanneer de wet er echter over zwijgt, hangt het new wave de interpretatie new wave dice wet en de aard van de beschikking af. De vergunning kan in zon geval worden ingetrokken om de volgende gronden: de beschikking is op grond new wave onjuiste gegevens verleend, de juiste gegevens hadden tot een weigering new wave de vergunning geleid en de betrokkene kan van die onjuiste of onvolledige opgave in redelijkheid een verwijt worden gemaakt. De int rekking new wave een begunstigende beschikking, zoals een vergunning, kan zowel een reparatoir ALSs een punitief karakter hebben.

Water Quality; Wastewater Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Water Quality; Wastewater Management - Essay Example The wastewater having very high amount of dissolved BOD or COD would require either biological treatment processes, like activated sludge treatment, trickling filters upflow anaerobic sludge treatment, or chemical treatment units like coagulation techniques, filtration with ion exchange etc. These methods would not be adequate for complete elimination of the dissolved impurities. For example in the case of municipal wastewater, the secondary treatment would results in the reduction of organic part of the total contaminants dissolved in it. On the other hand, the pollutants like nitrates and phosphates or bacterial/microbiological contamination would not be totally removed using these methods. Hence, advanced treatment operations are additionally required for the removal of the aforementioned impurities (Malzer, 2002). The treatment processes employed in such situations are classified as the tertiary treatment. The techniques are usually nitrification and denitrification units which a re also biological methods undertaken with the help of bacterial mass. On the other hand, phosphates too need specialized treatment units for its removal. Further, if the objective is to eliminate the bacterial contamination, disinfection systems need to be provided appropriately as the tertiary unit operation. Thus the methods used under the secondary and tertiary treatment units are of multiple types and each having different purpose. Thus in a typical treatment system where the secondary operations are dependent on the activated sludge plants, the operations consist of a series of inter linked units having a settling basin where the sludge is separated from the treated water, following by sludge thickening, sludge drying and sludge disposal. The treated water from the settling tank marks the end of secondary treatment operations the water would still

Green Revolution and Energy Use Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Green Revolution and Energy Use - Assignment Example Most of the energy I use is by using heating and cooling equipment, lighting and electronics devices. In order to decrease energy use I will ensure to use programmable thermostat in daily heating and cooling management at home. This will reduce the kilos of energy used by nearly  ¼. Moreover, I will also ensure to turn off electronics such as fan, television and lights whenever am leaving the house. This will gradually reduce the hours from 3-4 hours to roughly 2-3hours, when these appliances are in use. Moreover, I will ensure to unplug electronic devices such as; cell phones charges, power tools, digital cameras and computers when they are not in use so as to reduce the recharging period. I will also reduce hot water usage by taking short showers and washing clothes with cold water (Doty et al, 2007). Lastly, I would try using other energy sources that are more efficient like natural gases. I rely on electricity in three quarter of my energy use; therefore, diversifying to other sources for example gas water heaters and dryers might reduce my energy use. Since energy is significant in my day to day activities increasing its efficiency will help me save a lot. Modern technology advancement has brought about many useful changes that assist in increasing energy efficiency. For instance; modern appliances e.g. freezers, ovens, dishwashers and refrigerators, use significantly less energy and are more efficient than older appliances. Refrigerators today use less energy compared to conventional models of 2001 by approximately 40%. Therefore, I would buy modern appliances that use energy efficiently. Furthermore, since use of energy for lighting is averaging 5.5k per day, I will ensure to incorporate architectural features that reflect light into the building(Diesendorf, 2007). This will result to a reduced artificial energy use. I will also use compact fluorescent lights